Data asset · Last verified 2026-06-16

Health insurer denial rates: 2024 benchmark

Verified denial rates for every HealthCare.gov parent insurer that received more than 5 million claims in 2024, plus appeal-upheld and external-review numbers — sourced from KFF's analysis of CMS Transparency in Coverage public-use files.

The headline numbers, 2024

HealthCare.gov insurers received about 496 million claims in 2024 and denied 19% of in-network claims and 37% of out-of-network claims. Fewer than 1% of denied claims were ever appealed. Among the appeals patients did file, insurers upheld 66% — meaning roughly one in three internal appeals succeeded. 5,881 external appeals were filed in 2024.
19%
of in-network claims denied
37%
of out-of-network claims denied
85M
claims denied in 2024
<1%
of denials are appealed
34%
internal appeals overturned
5,881
external appeals filed in 2024

Denial rates by parent company, 2024

KFF Table 1, reproduced verbatim. Parent companies that received more than 5 million claims on HealthCare.gov plans in 2024, ranked by in-network denial rate.

Parent companyStatesClaims receivedClaims deniedDenial rate
Oscar Health147,728,6131,924,51225%
Molina Healthcare66,278,4161,408,84322%
Guidewell Mutual Holding (Florida Blue)168,858,89015,397,98522%
Harris Health16,776,4211,449,31921%
Cigna Health717,434,5563,717,19821%
BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee16,270,4211,323,50121%
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of North Carolina116,183,7033,116,07119%
UnitedHealth Group1937,134,8787,137,19119%
Blue Cross Blue Shield of Alabama110,704,1722,038,60319%
IHC Group18,402,1451,571,22119%
Centene Corporation (Ambetter)2093,134,55117,226,76418%
Health Care Service Corporation (HCSC)368,390,52212,556,96318%
CareSource58,845,6811,588,36318%
Louisiana Health Service (BCBS LA)16,465,6401,140,93618%
Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan15,206,241866,55517%
Arkansas Blue Cross Blue Shield16,568,0331,041,64716%
BlueCross BlueShield of South Carolina111,796,2201,827,00515%
Scott & White18,274,5641,205,77715%
Elevance Health (Anthem)714,691,2391,224,5178%

Note: State-specific Blue Cross Blue Shield plans operate independently and are listed separately. Source: KFF analysis of CMS Transparency in Coverage Public Use Files, 2024 plan year.

State variation

State averages mask wide insurer-level variation. The state with the highest average in-network denial rate was Hawaii (27%); the lowest was South Dakota (7%). In Texas, where the average matches the national rate, individual insurer denial rates ranged from 12% to 36% — the highest single-insurer rate in the country.

By plan metal level

Metal levelDenial rate
Bronze19%
Silver20%
Gold17%
Platinum18%
Catastrophic22%

Catastrophic plans had the highest 2024 denial rate at 22%.

The reasons insurers cite for denial

Plan-level reporting on denial reasons remains thin: more than a third of denials fall into an unlabeled "Other" bucket, and another quarter are filed as administrative. Only 5% of in-network denials in 2024 were for "not medically necessary," despite that being the reason patients hear most.

ReasonShare of denials
Other (reason not listed)
Insurers are not required to itemize this bucket.
36%
Administrative reasons
Coding errors, eligibility, duplicate claims, missing info.
25%
Prior authorization or referral not obtained9%
Not medically necessary5%
Excluded service / benefit exclusion7%
Other listed categories combined18%

Browse the appeal playbook by reason: all denial reasons →

How often patients actually appeal

The most striking number in the dataset is not the denial rate — it's the appeal rate. Across all HealthCare.gov marketplace plans in 2024, fewer than 1% of denied claims were appealed by patients. Among the small share that were, insurers upheld 66%, meaning patients won at the internal stage roughly 34% of the time. Most denials simply go unchallenged.

External review filings

Marketplace enrollees filed 5,881 external appeals in 2024 — equal to about 4% of internal appeals that the insurer upheld. KFF notes that the rate at which external appeals were overturned could not be calculated for 2024 because of small-cell suppression in the public-use file. External review by an Independent Review Organization is binding on the insurer when the patient wins.

For the federal external-review process by plan type, see the how-to-appeal pillar.

Methodology

All figures on this page are quoted from KFF analysis of CMS Transparency in Coverage Public Use Files, 2024 plan year (published March 2026). The underlying data are the CMS Transparency in Coverage Public Use Files for the 2024 plan year, reported by HealthCare.gov qualified health plan issuers as part of the 2026 plan certification process.

Limitations called out by KFF: only HealthCare.gov marketplace plans are required to report; employer-sponsored plans, state-based exchange plans not on HealthCare.gov, and Medicare/Medicaid claims are not in this dataset. CMS does not require itemization of "Other" denials. Plan-level data covers only plans returning to the 2026 marketplace.

This page is a structured presentation of public data. No figures are modeled or estimated by claimgotdenied.com. To re-verify, follow the source link.

How to use this data

A high parent-company denial rate does not tell you whether your specific claim will be denied — but it does tell you whether the insurer has a pattern of saying no. Two practical uses:

  • If your insurer is in the top tier of denial rates, file the appeal. Volume denials are often pattern denials, and pattern denials are the kind external review most often reverses.
  • If the cited reason is "administrative" or "other", the first move is to call the insurer and ask which specific policy or code triggered the denial. Administrative denials often resolve with a corrected claim before a formal appeal is needed.
Want to know if your specific denial is appealable?

Upload the EOB. You get the cited policy, the reason code, and the deadline you are working against.

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Sources: KFFClaims Denials and Appeals in ACA Marketplace Plans in 2024. Last verified: 2026-06-16.

Not legal or medical advice. This page is a self-help resource. You make your own decisions. Strip personal identifiers (name, date of birth, address, member ID) from any document before uploading or sharing. The information here summarizes commonly-published payer policies and federal rules; confirm against your specific plan document and the current denial letter before acting.